LAB 4                          THE BACK

 

I.         Histology

 

            1.         Artery, Vein and Nerve  -  identify the difference between all three structures.

 

            2.         Spinal Cord c. s.  -  try to identfy the structures discussed in class

                        and are identified on the spinal cord models.

 

II.        Skeletal Material

            Human Skeleton

            Individual Vertebral Types  -  Atlas, Axis, Cervical, Thoracic and Lumbar

 

III.      Models

 

            A.        Human Spinal Cord

                        1.         ventral horn

                        2.         dorsal horn

                        3.         lateral horn

                        4.         central canal

                        5.         white matter with ascending tracks (left side) and descending

                                    tracks (right side)

                        6.         anterior spinal artery

                        7.         dorsal spinal artery

                        8.         dorsal rootlets

                        9.         ventral rootlets

                      10.         denticulate ligament

                      11.         arachnoid mater

                      12.         dura mater

                      13.         pia mater

                      14.         dorsal root ganglion

                      15.         spinal nerve

16.                ventral root

17.                Dorsal sulcus

18.                Ventral fissure

 

            B.         Fifth Cervical Vertebra with Spinal Cord and Origin of Nerves

                        1.         Body of vertebra

                        2.         Transverse process

                        3.         Lamina

                        4.         Spinous process

                        5.         Ligamentum flavum

                        6.         Posterior longitudinal ligament

                        7.         Vertebral artery

                        8.         Vertebral vein

                        9.         Dura mater

                      10.         Epidural space

                      11.         Subdural space

                      12.         Arachnoid mater

                      13.         Subarachnoid space

                      14.         Internal vertebral venous plexus

                      15.         Denticulate ligament

                      16.         Subarachnoid septum

                      17.         Ventral root

                      18.         Dorsal root

                      19.         Dorsal root ganglion

                      20.         Ventral ramus

                      21.         Dorsal ramus                     

                      22.         Sympathetic trunk

                      23.         Rami coummnicantes

                      24.         Pia mater

                      25.         Ventral fissure

                      26.         Ventral lateral sulcus

                      27.         Dorsal lateral sulcus

                      28.         Dorsal median sulcus

                      29.         Dorsal sulcus

                      30.         Ventral funicle

                      31.         Lateral funicle

                      32.         Dorsal funicle

                      33.         White matter

                      34.         Gray matter

                      35.         Central canal

                      36.         Ventral horn gray

                      37.         Lateral horn gray

                      38.         Dorsal horn gray

 

            C.        Torso Model and Head and Neck Model  -  Find the following:

                                    trapezius

                                    infraspinatus

                                    teres minor

                                    teres major

                                    latissimus dorsi

                                    deltoid

 

            D.        Individual Vertebrae Models

                                    Find and identify all structures taught in lab and lecture.

 

IV.      Dissection

                        1.         Trapezius

                        2.         Spinal Accessory N.

                        3.         Supraspinatus

                        4.         Scapular Spine

                        5.         Infraspinatus

                        6.         Teres Minor

                        7.         Teres Major

                        8.         Deltoid

                        9.         Levator Scapulae

                       10.        Rhomboideus Minor

                       11.        Rhomboideus Major

                       12.        Latissimus Dorsi

                       13.        Serratus Anterior

                       14.        Serratus Posterior Superior

                       15.        Serratus Posterior Inferior

                       16.        External Oblique

                       17.        Rib

                       18.        Intercostals

                       19.        Ligamentum Nuchae

                       20.        Splenius Cervicis

                       21.        Splenius Capitus

                       22.        Iliocostalis Lumborum

                       23.        Iliocostalis Thoracis

                       24.        Iliocostalis Cervicis

                       25.        Longissimus Thoracis

                       26.        Longissimus Cervicis

                       27.        Longissimus Capitis

                       28.        Spinalis Thoracis

                       29.        Spinalis Cervicis

                       30.        Semispinalis Thoracis

                       31.        Semispinalis Cervicis

                       32.        Semispinalis Capitis

                       33.        Multifidis

 

V.        Audio-Visual

            A.        Human Spinal Cord in Plastic