LAB 9       THE NECK AND SENSE ORGANS

 

I.         Histology

 

            1.         Olfactory Epithelium - note receptors and glands

 

            2.         Retina - note layers of cells;  identify rods and cones

 

            3.         Cochlea - identify the parts we discussed in class

 

            4.         Thyroid & Parathyroid - identify acini and thyroid colloid

 

            5.         Tongue - general structure

 

            6.         Vallate Papilla - note receptors (taste buds)

 

            7.         Tooth - identify enamel, dentin and pulp.

 

            8.         Submandibular Gland - what type of tissue is this?

 

II.        Skeletal Material

 

            A.        Ear Ossicles in plastic block

                        1.         malleus

                        2.         incus

                        3.         stapes

 

            B.        Dissected Temporal Bone

                        1.         internal carotid artery

                        2.         internal jugular vein

                        3.         statoacoustic nerve

                        4.         facial nerve

                        5.         cochlea

                        6.         semicircular canals

                        7.         tympanic membrane

 

III.      Models

 

            A.        Respiratory Organ Model

                        Part A.  -  Larynx

                        1.         Hyoid Bone

                        2.         Epiglottis cartilage

                        3.         Thyroid Cartilage

                        4.         Small Cartilaginous Nodule

                        5.         Arytenoid Cartilage

                        6.         Ventricle of Larynx

                        7.         Ventricular Ligament (False Vocal Cord)

                        8.         Vocal Ligament (True Vocal Cord)

                        9.         Thyrohyoid membrane

                      10.         Middle Thyrohyoid Ligament

                      11.         Fatty Tissue

                      12.         Cricoid Cartilage

                      13.         Crycothyroid Ligament

                      14.         Ceratocricoid Ligaments

                      15.         Posterior Cricothroid Ligament

           

 

            B.        Larynx Model

                        1.         Hyoid Bone

                                    a.         Body

                                    b.         Greater cornu

                                    c.         Lesser cornu

                        2.         Thyroid Cartilage

                                    d.         Superior Horn

                                    e.         Inferior Horn

                        3.         Cricoid Cartilage

                        4.         Arytenoid Cartilage

                        5.         Corniculate Cartilage

                        6.         Cuneiform tubercle

                        7.         Trachael Cartilage

                        8.         Thyrohyoid membrane

                        9.         Thyrohyoid Ligament

                       10.        Antero-inferior Cricothyroid Ligament

                       11.        Cricothyroid Ligament

                       12.        Cricotrachael Membrane

                       13.        Elastic Tissue

                       14.        Fibrous portion of Trachea

                       15.        Thyrohyoid Muscle

                       16.        Cricothyroid Muscle

                       17.        Posterior Cricoartenoid Muscle

                       18.        Lateral Cricoarytenoid Muscle

                       19.        Arytenoideus Muscle

                       20.        Superior Laryngeal Artery

                       21.        Internal Laryngeal Artery

                       22.        Superior Laryngeal Nerve

                       23.        Epiglottis

                       24.        Hyoepiglottic Ligament

                       25.        Thyroepiglottic Ligament

                       26.        Conus elasticus

                       27.        Vestibular Fold

                       28.        Vocal Fold (ligament within)

                       29.        Vocalis Muscle

                       30.        Trachea

                       31.        Aryepiglottic Fold

                       32.        Piriform Recess

 

C.            Working Larynx Model

See how the muscles work by pulling the cords.

 

            D.        New Eye in Orbit Model (Carolina)

                        1.         Superior rectus muscle       

                        2.         Orbital fat

                        3.         Tendon of superior oblique

                        4.         Lateral Rectus

                        5.         Vorticose vein

                        6.         Ciliary body              )   Ciliary muscles

                                                                        )   Ciliary processes

                        7.         Ora serrata

                        8.         Central vessels of retina passing into optc nerve

                        9.         Central vessels of retina on retina

                      10.         Optic disc

                      11.         Retina

                      12.         Chorioid

                      13.         Sclera

                      14.         Fovea centralis

                      15.         Cornea

                      16.         Iris

                      17.         Lens

                      18.         Ciliary ganglion

                      19.         Central artery of retina

                      20.         Long posterior ciliary arteries

                      21.         Short posterior ciliary artery

                      22.         Ciliary nerves

                      23.         Inferior rectus

                      24.         Inferior oblique

                      25.         Medial rectus

                      26.         Superior oblique

                      27.         Anterior ciliary artery

                      28.         Opthalmic artery

                      29.         Optic nerve

                      30.         Optic chiasma

                      31.         Optic track

                      32.         Pituitary stalk

                      33.         Carotid artery

                      34.         Cavernous sinus (partially dissected)

                      35.         Opthalmic veins

                      36.         Sphenoid sinus

                      37.         Cribiform plate

                      38.         Frontal sinus

                      40.         Lacrimal sac

           

            E.         Large Eyeball Model (Five-Part Eyeball)

                        Note:  Numbers 6-9 and 11-14 are not painted on the Eye Model  due to area imitiations.

                        1.         Superior Rectus Muscle

                        2.         Sclera

                        3.         Chorioid Layer

                        4.         Retina

                        5.         Vitreous Body

                        6.         Conjunctiva

                        7.         Ciliary Body

                        8.         Suspensory Ligament

                        9.         Iris

                      10.         Cornea

                      11.         Aqueous Humor

                      12.         Lens

                      13.         Pupil

                      14.         Ciliary Muscle

                      15.         Inferior Rectus Muscle

                      16.         Optic Nerve

                      17.         Blind Spot

                      18.         Yellow Spot

                      19.         Internal Rectus Muscle

                      20.         External Rectus Muscle

                      21.         Tendon of Superior Oblique Muscle

                      23.         Lacrimal Gland

 

 

                      Key for Rods and Cones (As illustrated on the Vitreous Body #5 and for the Retina #4)

                                    A.        Pigmented layer

                        B.         Layer of rods and cones

                        C.        External limiting membranes

                        D.        Outer nuclear layer

                        E.         Outer plexiform layer

                        F.         Inner nuclear layer

                        G.        Inner plexiform layer

                        H.        Ganglionic layer or layer of nerve cells

                        I.          Stratum oticum or layer of nerve fibers

                        K.        Internal limiting membrane

                        L.         Rods

                        M.       Rod Granules

                        N.        Cones

                        O.        Cone granules

                        P.         Horizontal cells

                        Q.        Bipolar cells

                        R.        Amacrine cells

                        S.         Sustenacular fibers of Muller

                        T.         Ganglionic cells

                                                                 

            F.         The Organ of Hearing   (Large Ear with Pinna Model)

                        The External Ear

                         I.         Auricle

                        1.         Helix

                        2.         Scaphoid cavity

                        3.         Antihelix

                        4.         Crus of the antihelix

                        5.         Triangular fossa

                        6.         Tragus

                        7.         Antitragus

                        8.         Intertragical incision

                        9.         Lobule of the ear

                      10.         External auditory meatus

                      11.         The drum membrane

                      12.         The tympanic annulus

                      13.         Arteries of the drum membrane

                      14.         The arcuate eminence

                      15.         The pyramid

                      16.         The internal carotid artery

                      17.         The internal auditory meatus

                      18.         The sylo-mastoid foramen

                      19.         The styloid processus

                      20.         The jugular fossa

                      21.         The internal carotid artery

 

 

 

                        The Middle Ear

                      22.         The tympanic cavity

                      23.         Position, where the Eustachian tube enters the tympanic cavity

                      24.         Ostium of the Eustachian tube

                      25.         Malleus

                                    a.         head of the malleus

                                    b          manubrium

                                    c.         lateral process

                      26.         Incus

                                    a.         short crus

                                    b.         long crus

                      27.         Stapes

                                    a.         head of the stapes

                                    b.         crus

                                    c.         base of the stapes

                      28.         Lentiform nodule of incus

                      29.         Cord of the tympanum

                      30.         Tensor tympani muscle

                        The Internal Ear or Labyrinth

                      31.         The vestibule

                      32.         The oval window

                      33.         Promontory

                      34.         The cochlear window

                      35.         The external semicircular canal

                      36.         The upper semicircular canal

                      37.         The posterior semicircular canal

                        The entrances a, b, and c are enlarged and are called ampullae

                      38.         The cochlea

                                    a.         basal turn

                                    b.         middle turn

                                    c.         top turn

                      39.         The osseous spiral lamina

                     40.          Scala of the tympanum

                     41.          Scala of the vestibule

                     42.          the saccule

                     43.          The utricle

                     44.          The semicircular ducts

                     45.          The acoustic nerve

                     46.          One branch

                     47.          the other branch

                     48.          the facial canal

 

            G.        Ear with Pinna Cut Model

                        1.         Stapes

                        2.         Incus

                        3.         Malleus

                        4.         Tympanic membrane, pars flaccida

                        5.         Tympanic membrane, pars tensa

                        6.         Anterior semicurcular canal

                        7.         Lateral semicircular canal

                        8.         Posterior semicircular canal

                        9.         Fenestra cochleae

                       10.        Fenestra vestibuli

                       11.        Vestibulum

                       12.        Cochlea

                       13.        Ampulla

                       14.        Geniculate ganglion

                       15.        Temporal bone

                       16.        Zygomatic bone

                       17.        Eustachian tube

                       18.        Tensor tympani muscle

                       19.        Petrosus major nerve

                       20.        Epitympanic cavity

                       21.        Chorda tympani

                       22.        auditory meatus, bony portion

                       23.        Helix                           )

                       24.        Antihelix                    )

                       25.        Concha                      )

                       26.        Antitragus                 )           Pinna

                       27.        Tragus                        )

                       28.        Lobe                           )

                       29.        External auditory meatus, cartilaginous portion

                       30.        Annulus tympanicius

                       31.        Tympanic cavity

                       32.        Eustachian tube

                       33.        Facial nerve

                       34.        Cochlear nerve

                       35.        Vestibular nerve

                       36.        Ceruminous gland

                       37.        Sebaceous gland

                       38.        Ear cartilage

                       39.        Transversus auriculae muscle

                       40.        Auricularis nuchalis muscle

                       41.        Mastoid sinus

                       42.        Mastoid bone

                       43.        Posterior auricularis vein

                       42.        Mastoid bone

                       43.        Posterior auricularis vein

                       44.        Splenius capitis muscle

                       45.        Jugular vein

                       46.        Endolymphatic duct

                       47.        Endolymphatic sac

                       48.        Labyrinthine artery

                                    Central cochlear vein

                       49.        Internal carotid artery

                       50.        Stylopharyngeous muscle

                       51.        Stylohyoid muscle

                       52.        Stylohoid process

                       53.        Parotid gland

                       54.        Tragicus muscle

                       55.        Lamina tragi

 

            H.        Small Ear Model

                        1.         External auditory meatus

                        2.         Tympanic membrane

                        3.         Tympanic ring

                        4.         Facial nerve

                        5.         Eustachian tube, entrance

                        6.         Central end of same

                        7.         Malleus

                                    a.         capitulum (head)

                                    b.         manubrium (handle)

                                    c.         processus brevis

                        8.         Incus

                                    a.         crus breve

                                    b.         crus longum

                        9.         Stapes

                                    a.         capitulum (head)

                                    b.         crura stapedis

                                    c.         basis (footplate)

                      10.         Processus lentricularis

                      11.         Chorda tympani

                      12.         Musculus tensor tympani

                      13.         Vestibule

                      14.         Fenestra vestibuli

                      15.         Promontorium

                      16.         Fenestra cochleae

                      17.         Lateral semicircular canal

                                    a.         ampulla lateralis

                      18.         Superior semicircular canal

                                    b.         ampulla superior

                      19.         Posterior semicircular canal

                                    c.         ampulla posterior

                      20.         Cochlea

                      21.         Auditory nerve

                      22.         Scala vestibuli

                      23.         Scala tympani

                      24.         Ductus cochlearis

                      25.         Organ of Corti

 

                        A.        External ear

                        B.         Middle ear

                        C.        Internal ear

           

            I.         The Labyrinth Model

                        A.        Osseous labyrinth

                        B.         Membranous labrinth

                        1.         Vestibule

                        1a.       Fenestra of the vestiblule

                        1b.       Fenestra of the cochlea

                        1c.       Secondary tympanic membrane

                        2.         Lateral semicircular canal

                        3.         Superor semicircular canal

                        4.         Posterior semicircular canal

                        At one end of each of the semicircular canals is a dilatation:

                        d.         Osseous ampule

                        5.         Cochlea

                        e.         Basal turn

                        f.          Central turn

                        g.         Pointed turn

                        h.         Cupola

                        i.          Modiolus

                        k.         Osseous spiral lamina

                        l.          spiral hamulus of the lamina

                        6.         Anterior semicircular dust

                        7.         Posterior semicircular duct

                        m.       Common crus of the anterior and posterior semicircular duct

                        8.         Utricle

                        9.         Saccule

                      10.         Endolymphatic duct

                      11.         Utriculosaccular duct

                        n.         Membranous spiral lamina

                        o.         Vestibular wall of the cochlear duct

                        p.         Scala vestibuli

                        q.         Scala tympani

                        r.         Cochlear duct

                       12.        Stato-acoustic nerve

                       13.        Cochlear part

                       14.        Vestibular part

 

                

IV.      Dissection

 

            A.        Neck

                 282.            Common Carotid

                 283.            External Jugular

                 284.            Thyroid Gland

                 285.            Submandibular Gland

                 286.            Thyroid cartilage

                 287.            Mylohyoid

                 288.            Digastric

                 289.            Internal Jugular

                 290.            Omohyoid

                 291.            Sternohyoid

                 292.            Sternocleidomastoid

                 293.            Sternothyroid

                 294.            Thyrohyoid

                 295.            Hyoid Bone

                 296.            Stylohyoid

                 297.            Scalenus anterior

                 298.            Scalenus medius

                 299.            Scalenus posterior

                 300.            Cricothyroid

 

            B.        Larynx

                 301.            Hyoid Bone

                 302.            Epiglottis

                 303.            Piriform Recess

                 304.            Ariepiglottic fold

                 305.            Thyroid Cartilage

                 306.            Vestibule

                 307.            Vestibular Fold

                 308.            Ventricle

                 309.            Vocal Fold

                 310.            Arytenoid Cartilage

                 311.            Cricoid Cartilage

 

V.        Audio-Visual-none